![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.bracon.com.vn\/vi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/08\/screenshot-2024-08-24-at-17-23-3518-2005-1724496901-1024x637.png\")
Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang c\u00f3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u00e1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u ha l\u00faa ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i th\u1ea5p t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long \u0111\u1ebfn 2030, l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i khai th\u00e1c ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng n\u00e0y. V\u1ec1 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, tr\u1ed3ng l\u00faa ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i th\u1ea5p m\u1edf c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda tham gia th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00edn ch\u1ec9 carbon t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.
T\u00edn ch\u1ec9 carbon (carbon credit) l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed CO2 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng sang CO2 (CO2t\u0111). M\u1ed9t t\u1ea5n CO2t\u0111 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 1 t\u00edn ch\u1ec9 carbon. CO2t\u0111 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb mua b\u00e1n tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng carbon, t\u00edn ch\u1ec9 carbon. Trong \u0111\u00f3, b\u00ean b\u00e1n l\u00e0 b\u00ean c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn.
V\u00ed d\u1ee5, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u1ed3ng l\u00faa gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau CO2t\u0111 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u00edn ch\u1ec9, s\u1ebd b\u00e1n cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. \u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u ha l\u00faa ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u00edn ch\u1ec9 carbon c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi 100 tri\u1ec7u USD m\u1ed7i n\u0103m n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 10 USD m\u1ed7i t\u00edn ch\u1ec9. “Ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh kh\u00ed h\u1eadu”, \u00f4ng C\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh.
Tuy nhi\u00ean, hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i, c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u00edn ch\u1ec9 carbon v\u00e0 b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i.\u00a0<\/strong>Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng phu, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, theo chuy\u00ean gia.
Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, l\u00e0 kh\u00e2u th\u1ef1c th\u00e0nh. Ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i trong tr\u1ed3ng l\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m \u1edf c\u00e1c kh\u00e2u l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p canh t\u00e1c v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd r\u01a1m r\u1ea1 sau thu ho\u1ea1ch. Trong \u0111\u00f3, canh t\u00e1c ghi nh\u1eadn gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t, t\u1edbi 33%, n\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u1eadp kh\u00f4 xen k\u1ebd (AWD) v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.bracon.com.vn\/vi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/08\/screenshot-2024-08-24-at-17-19-8347-1233-1724496901-1024x459.png\")
<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam, hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u1ed3ng l\u00faa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng AWD l\u00e0 1P5G (1 ph\u1ea3i 5 gi\u1ea3m) v\u00e0 SRP (th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh canh t\u00e1c l\u00faa b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng). Hi\u1ec7n canh t\u00e1c theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u1eadp kh\u00f4 xen k\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf \u0111i k\u00e8m, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1ch canh t\u00e1c n\u00e0y \u1edf x\u00e3 Th\u1ea1nh An, huy\u1ec7n V\u0129nh Th\u1ea1nh (C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1), n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n tr\u1ed3ng l\u00faa c\u00f3 l\u00e3i t\u0103ng 1,3-6,2 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ed7i ha so v\u1edbi canh t\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i CO2 c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3m 2-6 t\u1ea5n m\u1ed7i ha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb b\u1ecf t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed1t r\u01a1m \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m 15% ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf. T\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u00f4ng Ng\u00f4 Xu\u00e2n Chinh, Ph\u00f3 gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Trung t\u00e2m Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, chuy\u1ec3n giao ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p mi\u1ec1n Nam, IASVN) \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh ch\u1ec9 10% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u01a1m r\u1ea1 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu gom t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u1ee9 hai, kh\u00e2u gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, x\u00e1c minh v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u00edn ch\u1ec9 carbon v\u1eabn c\u00f2n s\u01a1 khai. \u0110\u1ebfn nay, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng carbon ng\u00e0nh l\u00faa g\u1ea1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 CDM, Gold Standard, T-VER v\u00e0 \u0110i\u1ec1u 6 c\u1ee7a Th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn Paris. T\u00f9y theo m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 quy m\u00f4 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh kh\u00ed h\u1eadu m\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn, quy tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o, x\u00e1c minh (MRV), ki\u1ec3m k\u00ea v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00fat th\u1eaft \u1edf ch\u1ed7, hi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u1ed1c gia ho\u1eb7c s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn n\u00e0o thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i \u1edf quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. M\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ee3t ki\u1ec3m k\u00ea kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1eabu nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, theo IRRI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Th\u1ee9 ba, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1edd \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00edn ch\u1ec9 carbon l\u00faa th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh, th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c bao tr\u00f9m cho nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kinh t\u1ebf – x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng – k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u1edf mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y ch\u01b0a cao, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m chuy\u00ean gia T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf CGIAR (M\u1ef9) t\u1ea1i 13 t\u1ec9nh, th\u00e0nh khu v\u1ef1c \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng cho bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u thi\u1ebfu v\u1ed1n, g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i. Trong \u0111\u00f3, 12 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 v\u1ec1 logistics, xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u; 11 t\u1ec9nh n\u00f3i th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, thi\u00ean tai ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 10 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00eau thi\u1ebfu h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, giao th\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Theo TS Ph\u1ea1m Thu Th\u1ee7y – th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u CGIAR, hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Adelaide (Australia), \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00f3i chung c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch (c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00f9ng, quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a) c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i, ng\u00e0nh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i theo h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00f4ng minh, b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng song song v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trong m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m, PGS. TS Kha Ch\u1ea5n Tuy\u1ec1n, Ph\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edfng khoa C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m (\u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc N\u00f4ng L\u00e2m TP HCM) khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb quy ho\u1ea1ch s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n \u0111i theo m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e9p k\u00edn v\u00e0 tinh g\u1ecdn, t\u0103ng c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1. “Chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng n\u00ean c\u00e0ng ng\u1eafn c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t, t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 ph\u1ea9m”, \u00f4ng n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y khi s\u1edf h\u1eefu khung ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, theo CGIAR. Ngo\u00e0i ra, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong tri\u1ec3n khai \u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3p do qu\u1ed1c gia t\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh (NDC) v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh. V\u00ec v\u1eady, gi\u1edbi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p th\u1ef1c thi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n “C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tham gia qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t”, chuy\u00ean gia t\u1eeb CGIAR khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Tr\u1ed3ng l\u00faa c\u00f3 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i cao nh\u1ea5t trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u d\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0 b\u00e1n t\u00edn ch\u1ec9 carbon, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c. Canh t\u00e1c l\u00faa chi\u1ebfm 6-8% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, trong khi ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4510,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bracon.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4507"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bracon.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bracon.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bracon.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bracon.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4507"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.bracon.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4507\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4512,"href":"https:\/\/www.bracon.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4507\/revisions\/4512"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bracon.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4510"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bracon.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4507"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bracon.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4507"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bracon.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4507"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.bracon.com.vn\/vi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/08\/thanh-an-2020-5891-1724495232-3998-7138-1724496901-1024x683.jpg\")
<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.bracon.com.vn\/vi\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-2024-08-26-at-11.05.21-1024x571.png\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n